The "British tenants",[3] a term applied to the colonists,[4] were mostly from Scotland and England. They were required to be English-speaking and Protestant.[5] The Scottish colonists were mostly Presbyterian[3] and the English mostly members of the Church of England. The Plantation of Ulster was the biggest of the Plantations of Ireland. Ulster was colonised to prevent further rebellion, as it had been the region most resistant to English control during the preceding century.
Prior to its conquest in the Nine Years War of the 1590s, Ulster had been the most Gaelic part of Ireland, a province existing largely outside English control.[6] There were few towns, few roads and much of the country was thickly wooded.[7]
Throughout the 16th century Ulster was viewed by the English as being "underpopulated" and undeveloped.[8] An early attempt at plantation of the north of Ireland in the 1570s on the east coast of Ulster by Walter Devereux, 1st Earl of Essex, had failed (see Plantations of Ireland).
Many of the Gaelic Irish lived by “creaghting” (seasonal migration with their cattle) and as such, permanent habitations were uncommon.[9] The wars fought between Gaelic clans and between the Gaelic and English undoubtedly contributed to depopulation.[10] However by 1600 (before the worst atrocities of the Nine Years War) Ulster's total adult population according to Perceval-Maxwell was only 25,000 to 40,000 people.[11]
More from Wikipedia:
The 16th century English conquest of Ireland was made piece by piece and starting in the reign of Henry VIII (1509–1547) and only being completed after sustained warfare in the reign of Elizabeth I (1558–1603). During these wars the force of the semi-independent chieftains was broken.[12]
One man posted this on a forum:
Desiring to keep it as simple as possible, arriving
at my own conclusions eventually - let me begin with the following words from
this source:History of Ireland 1598 - 1629: Defeat of Ulster and
the Ulster Plantation
"So this time the settlers were to live in specially built fortified towns known as Plantation Towns. In 1609 the English mapped out 4,000,000 acres of land and started gaving it out in 1610. Counties Down, Monaghan and Antrim were planted privately. Counties Derry and Armagh were planted with English. Counties Tyrone and Donegal were planted with Scots. Counties Fermanagh and Cavan were planted with both Scots and English.
The vast majority of the settlers were Scottish, as it turned out, and they brought with them a new form of Christianity, Presbyterianism, which was different from both Roman Catholicism and the Church of England, although it is classified as Protestant. They also brought new farming methods and a Puritan lifestyle."
That much, I believe, could be the crux of discovering what might have brought and/or sent my own Bell ancestors first TO Ireland (Antrim, I believe), and afterward from there To the American colonies.
We were always taught to be "Orange" on matters of Irish loyalty - though I must confess not knowing what the heck they were talking about until well past my 30th birthday. Therefore, I assume our role at the Irish Plantation was more or less as foreign occupiers?
Evidently at least some of our kin did not like being in that role, or were frightened out of it.
> So, when the text says that Antrim was "planted rivately" - then,
There are yet some more very interesting posts in this forum:http://www.scotland.com/forums/history/28015-why-exactly-scots-ireland.html
"So this time the settlers were to live in specially built fortified towns known as Plantation Towns. In 1609 the English mapped out 4,000,000 acres of land and started gaving it out in 1610. Counties Down, Monaghan and Antrim were planted privately. Counties Derry and Armagh were planted with English. Counties Tyrone and Donegal were planted with Scots. Counties Fermanagh and Cavan were planted with both Scots and English.
The vast majority of the settlers were Scottish, as it turned out, and they brought with them a new form of Christianity, Presbyterianism, which was different from both Roman Catholicism and the Church of England, although it is classified as Protestant. They also brought new farming methods and a Puritan lifestyle."
That much, I believe, could be the crux of discovering what might have brought and/or sent my own Bell ancestors first TO Ireland (Antrim, I believe), and afterward from there To the American colonies.
We were always taught to be "Orange" on matters of Irish loyalty - though I must confess not knowing what the heck they were talking about until well past my 30th birthday. Therefore, I assume our role at the Irish Plantation was more or less as foreign occupiers?
Evidently at least some of our kin did not like being in that role, or were frightened out of it.
> So, when the text says that Antrim was "planted rivately" - then,
There are yet some more very interesting posts in this forum:http://www.scotland.com/forums/history/28015-why-exactly-scots-ireland.html
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